For entrance and exit ramps in work zones, the TCP design should allow as much space as practicable for decelerating and accelerating vehicles, particularly where heavy truck volumes exist. Include acceleration and deceleration lanes where warranted and feasible. Where parallel acceleration and deceleration lanes are not feasible to provide, use as large of an exit radius as construction constraints will allow, thereby avoiding excessive slowing in the main lanes for exits, and as long of an entrance taper as construction constraints will allow to minimize the disparity of speed for entrance ramp traffic compared to the freeway traffic speed.

For full reconstruction where the new roadway profile differs from the existing roadway profile, temporary entrance and exit ramps may need to be designed at those locations where the existing and proposed profiles cross to minimize elevation differences. This approach helps to simplify the construction phasing and reduce associated phasing cost. If this is not possible, additional horizontal clearance during construction will be needed to transition the elevation of the temporary ramp from one pavement surface to the other, with sufficient length to accommodate vertical geometry requirements. If all feasible ramp design options have been exhausted, it may be necessary to temporarily close ramp access and provide detours for traffic that needs to enter and exit the freeway.