Bead properties that are controlled during the manufacturing process include those that are chemical and physical in nature. The chemical and physical properties of beads have a major influence on how well the beads reflect light. These properties include:

For beads to be used on TxDOT roadways, these properties must be in conformance with . These properties are controlled by manufacturing factors, such as: type, quality, and clarity of the glass; furnace type and temperature; and sieve size.

Discussions of each of these manufacturing-controlled properties follow under separate subheadings.