LED Luminaires

TxDOT began using LEDs for roadway lighting in 2010. Before that, the dominant technology was high pressure sodium, which has been used since the 1970s. Since most of TxDOT's existing lighting infrastructure is based on HPS, the performance of TxDOT's LED luminaires is based on the equivalent HPS luminaires.
LED has several advantages over HPS for roadway lighting:
  • HPS lamps have to be replaced every 3-5 years. LED luminaires do not have replaceable lamps, but are expected to last for 15-20 years. The long life reduces the need for maintenance, which saves time and money. Reduced maintenance also increases safety, since it requires less time for maintenance crews to work on the roadway.
  • LED luminaires use less energy than their equivalent HPS luminaires. For example, at the time of writing, one of TxDOT's approved LED fixtures draws 185W compared to its 400W equivalent HPS fixture.
  • LED luminaires emit white light, compared to the yellowish light of HPS. Colors are rendered better with white light and this can improve visibility for the driver.
TxDOT LED roadway luminaires are specified by DMS-11011. Features of the specification include:
  • Three standard sizes of LED luminaire: 150W EQ, 250W EQ, and 400W EQ. The sizes correspond to the equivalent 150W, 250W, and 400W HPS standard luminaires used by TxDOT. The LED fixtures may be used as direct replacements for their equivalent size HPS luminaire.
  • Unique Light Loss Factor (LLF) computed for each fixture at 70,000 hours (approximately 16 years). The design LLF is posted with each prequalified luminaire on the MPL.
  • Verification testing of luminaires by the manufacturer. The luminaire manufacturer tests a sample of each batch of fixtures built, and sends the results to TRF for evaluation. If the sample meets specifications, TRF passes the batch and the fixtures are released for construction. Fixtures do not need to be sampled and tested from the project unless the engineer sees a need for it.
  • Surge protection. Surge protection to 10kA and 10kV is included on the luminaire to help ensure long life.
  • Warranty. The luminaires are warranted for 10 years when non-operable due to defects in the material or workmanship. A date code is included on an internal label to verify the warranty period.