Many different types of repairs may be required as described below.

Milling or Planing.

High spots in the existing surface may be planed smooth with either a heater planer or, more commonly, a cold planer. This will help to smooth out a rough riding surface.

Level-Up.

Depressions may require leveling up with either a hot- or cold-laid asphalt mix. The sizes of this type of patch will vary, of course, but may range from the size of a wheel path only a few feet in length to a full two-lanes wide and 50 feet or more in length.

Pothole Repair.

All potholes must be repaired in a permanent manner before the seal coat is applied.

Base Repair.

All base failures must be repaired before seal coat work. This may require an in-place repair or removal and replacement with suitable material.

Edge Repair.

Raveled edges and edge drop-offs must be repaired. If vegetation and soil has built-up at the pavement edge, it must be removed and the pavement edge restored.

Crack Sealing.

Large cracks must be sealed with a crack sealant. If they are excessively large, it may be necessary to cut them out and apply a hot or cold mix patch. Cracks this large, however, are not common in Texas, unless there has been a failure or distress in the base or subbase. In this event, the whole section must be removed, including the base or subbase, and completely rebuilt.