Section 9: Pavement Design Reports
9.1 Projects Requiring Pavement Design and Pavement Design Reports
A pavement design and a pavement design report are required
for the following projects that are over 500 ft. long:
- new location projects (flexible and rigid)
- reconstruction projects (flexible and rigid)
- rehabilitation (3R) projects (flexible and rigid)
- unbonded concrete overlays of existing rigid pavements.
Tie-ins, such as bridge approaches, do not require pavement
designs when following department or district proven standards.
A new design is not always necessary. Previously approved
designs can be used if through an analysis, considering traffic,
environmental, and subgrade conditions, the pavement design analysis yields
the same thickness. However, adjustments to designed thicknesses
and specific conditions, even within a project, should be considered
in the design process for budgetary control purposes.
HMA overlays, approximately 2 in. thick and less, are considered
pavement preservation; therefore, a pavement design report is not
required where adequate structural capacity is documented. Considering
the significant investment thin overlays represent, these treatments
should be taken into account in an overall pavement preservation
program. An analysis should be performed that substantiates the
appropriateness of this maintenance strategy.
The pavement design for special cases will typically be based
on engineering judgment, historical performance, district policy,
and other guidelines (e.g., this manual, industry guidelines, and research
findings). A design report may be required for documentation purposes.
The following list provides examples of special cases that
do not require a full design report but do require documentation
of the criteria and rationale for the strategy selected for projects
greater than 500 ft. long:
- approaches on a bridge replacement
- detours
- pavement widening including shoulders
- HMA overlays of rigid pavements. The TxACOL (Texas Asphalt Concrete Overlay software) developed through research should be considered when designing these overlays. This process evaluates suitability of proposed overlay HMA mixtures and thicknesses for reflective cracking and rutting performance. Another approach for designing an HMA overlay to an existing rigid pavement is the AASHTO Overlay procedure (automated in DARWin® 3.1). However, this process is highly subjective.
- bonded concrete overlays on rigid pavements (consult with MNT – Pavement Asset Management)
- thin whitetopping of flexible pavements (consult with MNT – Pavement Asset Management).
For design categories not covered above, contact the district
pavement engineer for guidance about recommended design procedures
and documentation requirements.
9.2 Pavement Design Report and Other Documentation
A pavement design report is a formal engineering document
that presents all analyses, data, policies, and other considerations
used to design the structural aspects of a pavement. The pavement design
report shall include the following when applicable:
- Cover sheet showing highway designation, district, county, project CSJ, geographical limits, and signatures of persons involved in the preparation and approval.
- Narrative discussing the overall objective, site particulars (location, facility type, soil conditions and subgrade Texas Triaxial Classification [TTC], drainage considerations), multi-year PMIS (PA) data analysis/pavement condition surveys for 3-R projects, conclusions, and recommended pavement structure. The narrative should include a discussion of the factors that significantly affect pavement performance and a summary of laboratory tests conducted on any materials extracted from the existing structure.
- If the pavement structure selected is different from the structure recommended by the design procedure, a discussion of the selection process must be included in the report.
- Location map. Maps should be detailed enough to distinguish urban or rural project locations and the presence of water features such as lakes, streams, etc.
- Soils map of the project area with a brief description of each type of soil located within the project area. The USDA NRCS website at is an excellent resource for generating maps and soil summaries. Provide information pertaining to shrink/swell potential and plasticity.
- The study of the presence of sulfate bearing compounds, organic content, and any mitigation technique selected.
- Determination of PVR mitigation requirements, if any. Obtain and provide approval to use PVR mitigation techniques when roadway characteristics do not meet policy criteria (see, Chapter 3, Section 2, Geotechnical Investigation for Pavement Structures
- Existing and proposed typical sections. For the proposed structure, clearly define the various pavement layers, thickness, and materials with specification item. For the existing structure, sections should be as detailed as possible. Proposed or existing positive drainage systems or use of geosynthetics should be indicated on the typical sections.
- The project specific factors used for selecting the pavement type.
- TPP Traffic Data and any adjustments to the traffic data.
- Identification of the base grade chosen, whether shown on the typical section or in the report text.
- Form 2088, Surface Aggregate Selection Form as part of the flexible pavement design only. Information from this form will determine the appropriate Surface Aggregate Classification (SAC) of the aggregate used for the final hot-mix asphalt (HMA) riding surface.
- Results of NDT to characterize the existing structural condition (including the MODULUS backcalculation summary).
- Design input values and output:
- FPS 21 summary, modified Texas Triaxial check, mechanistic checks, stress analysis, etc., for flexible pavement.
- AASHTO (DARWin® 3.1) design summary for CPCD rigid pavements.
- TxCRCP-ME Design summary for CRCP rigid pavements.
- Alternate pavement design, if appropriate, using past successful practices/district SOP.
- Conclusion. The pavement design report will conclude with a recommended pavement design based on the data, analyses, and procedures included in the report. The information included in the report should be a synthesis of all work performed to arrive at the recommended pavement structure.
- Appendices:
- Surface Aggregate Selection Form 2088 (Wet Surface Crash Reduction program, flexible pavements only).
- Additional appendices (results of borings, material lab tests, raw PMIS (PA) data, life-cycle cost analysis, drainage analysis, design exceptional approvals, etc.), as needed.
For other reporting requirements, contact the DPE for guidance.
9.3 Completing the Pavement Design Report
The pavement design report may be prepared by anyone with knowledge of the specific project under development and familiar with the analysis tools used. The first licensed engineer in the chain of responsibility will review and sign the report. After completion of the pavement design report content, finalize the report by using the following procedure:
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9.4 Pavement Design Report Review and Archive
MNT – Pavement Asset Management archives pavement designs
for the state for the purposes of forensics and knowledge-based
pavement performance. Submit a scanned copy of completed pavement
design reports to
.
Archived reports can be viewed on the TxDOT intranet (site
not available to internet users) at the “
page.