Microfilming and Microfilm Formats

Most department records require retention for fewer than five years. For all but permanent or archival records, storage in the original format is the easiest and cheapest way to retain hard copy inactive records until their destruction date.
The space-saving and distribution advantages of microfilm can be achieved by electronic imaging without incurring the limitations of film. Microfilming is labor-intensive and expensive. Managers should carefully evaluate the actual need to use microfilm. Considerations include the manpower to prepare and index the records for microfilming, to inspect the microfilm product after filming and the cost, availability, and maintenance of equipment to store and read or print copies from the microfilm.
Advantages and Limitations of Microfilm
Advantages
Limitations
Space savings
. Microfilm concentrates a large volume of information in a small package. One 250-foot roll of 16 mm microfilm can hold the equivalent of a document storage box of records (up to 4,200 8 ½”x11” pages or images). Nine 100-foot rolls can store the equivalent of one five-drawer file cabinet (5,000 8 ½”x11” pages or images).
Low-cost distribution
. Microfilm is inexpensive to duplicate.
File integrity
. Once filmed, all records in a file are together, and individual records cannot be physically removed, lost, or misfiled. Any alteration is apparent.
Security
. Duplicative security copies can be stored in a separate place.
Archival preservation
. Microfilm may be used for reference in place of original documents and can offer an increased life span.
Convertibility
. Microfilm images may be converted to paper, or with proper equipment, digitized.
Expense
. Microfilm is expensive and labor-intensive to create
Unclear copy
. The quality of the original record affects the quality of the filmed image. Old, faded, or damaged documents may not reproduce clearly. Colors do not appear, and it may be difficult to tell whether a filmed record is the original. Official certifications and explanatory notes filmed with the records on target sheets can address these limitations to some extent.
Equipment requirements
. Microfilm will deteriorate if it is stored in an environment that does not have temperature and humidity controls.
See Section 3 “Microfilm Storage Environment and Requirements, Equipment and Maintenance” in this chapter. The product of deterioration, acetic acid, may present a workplace hazard to employees.
User resistance
. Using microfilm and microfilm equipment for any length of time can be tedious.