14.8.1 Overview
A Median U-Turn (MUT) or “Michigan Left” intersection replaces direct left-turns at an intersection with indirect left-turns using a U-turn movement in a wide median. The MUT intersection eliminates left-turns on both intersecting streets, thus reducing the number of traffic signal phases and conflict points at the main crossing intersection, which results in improved intersection operations and safety.
TxDOT has adopted the
as the primary source for MUT Guidelines. The information contained in this section is considered a companion guide and is intended to document TxDOT’s suggested approach to MUT design. See
for an example MUT configuration.
Figure 14-31: Example of a MUT Intersection With One Signal in Main Intersection
Source: Virginia DOT, used by permission
Documented benefits of a MUT include:
- Removal of left-turn signal phasing which allows the intersection to operate well with a shorter cycle length;
- Reduction of intersection conflict points for both vehicles and pedestrians; and
- General increase in safety performance.
Conditions where a MUT may not be suitable include:
- High traffic volumes –the addition of U-turn movements can cause spillback into the through lanes and increase congestion;
- Narrow medians –this can make it difficult for larger vehicles to maneuver the U-turn and may require turning loons; and
- Inadequate driver familiarity –if drivers do not understand how to navigate the intersection it may result in crashes.