Ratings for Unusual Bridges

Unusual bridges, such as those composed of old railroad flat cars, can be rated, but ensure that the critical rating component is considered. For instance, flat cars were originally designed for a maximum point load combined with a uniform load over the whole car. When used for traffic loadings, even though the main two-girder members may give a good equivalent HS load rating, the transverse stiffening members and floor beams often control the live load capacity.
Another unusual type of bridge in Texas is the continuous cast-in-place (CIP) flat slab. Most of these bridges were designed in the 1940s and 1950s with an H-15 or H-20 load pattern. Unfortunately, the design negative moments were from the single truck load in one span. As a result, these bridges may be under-designed for HS-loadings and, may require a load restriction. Procedures for an HS-20 design load use a lane load with two concentrated loads in adjacent spans for the controlling negative moment case for longer continuous bridges. For shorter, continuous bridges, an HS-20 design uses two heavy axles of the HS-20 load pattern at variable spacing in adjacent spans. However, the current AASHTO Bridge Specifications do not differentiate between single-and multiple-lane distribution factors for slab bridges. As a result, this type of bridge has greater strength for multiple trucks positioned in the middle of the bridge span. Some structural evaluators make live load distribution adjustments based on the number of lanes loaded for flat slab bridges. Exercise care and properly correlate it to two- or three-dimensional methods of analysis to use this procedure.