. Establish design requirements for layout/geometry, loading, scour depths, tolerance to settlement (see recommendations above) and other service deformation/deflection

Determine depth of scour and hydraulic requirements of the structure in coordination with the hydraulic engineer

. Conduct geotechnical investigation (see Chapters 2, 3, and 4)

Select most appropriate foundation type and shaft/pile diameter(s) in coordination with structure designer

Evaluate need for permanent casing at individual foundations

Calculate nominal (unfactored) resistance of single drilled shafts or static compressive resistance (for piles) as a function of depth

Apply resistance factors to nominal axial resistance for strength and extreme limit states. Driven piles require additional resistance factors to be used during dynamic analysis based on field method to be used for pile acceptance (e.g., Hammer Formulas, wave equation, high strain dynamic load testing, etc.)

Conduct more extensive, nonstandard design required if deemed from subsurface conditions, bridge geometry, lateral loading, or service level criteria:

Estimate downdrag potential and downdrag loads
Check service level loads for shaft/pile single vs. group settlement as a function of depth (to maximum permissible settlement criteria)
Check for uplift resistance as a function of depth
Use P-Y curve parameters and horizontal movements in strength/extreme limit states to check for pushover/global/fixity. P-multipliers are not required for shaft/pile groups installed in rock sockets and lateral displacements are minimal (i.e., < 0.5 inches, or < 10% of shaft diameter)
Structural engineer evaluates applied lateral loads at the strength limit state using soil parameters determined by the geotechnical engineer.
Service level checks using unfactored service loading for top of shaft/pile deflection, including influence or downdrag loads if present, and effect of lateral squeeze and lateral deformations

Enter final parameters coordinated with structural analysis into plans and contract (with construction notes).

Pile driving foundations can contain notes to perform pile drivability analysis and testing to obtain final required tip elevation or details for pile tip reinforcement
Field control methods (such as integrity testing) can be included in notes and quantities