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These guidelines are very general and broad in scope. Some species of
wildflowers may require additional research prior to planting. You may find our
listing of
wildflower planting dates and interactive
regional seed list helpful.
Some wildflower seed suppliers can provide seed mixtures consisting of a
number of different species. You have the option of such a mixture or obtaining
the species of your choice and making a mixture or planting your selections
individually.
After your selection is determined, a planting rate based on
Pure Live
Seed (PLS) and the number of seeds per square foot can be calculated. PLS is simply
the percent of purity multiplied by the percent of germination which should be
available from the supplier and as required by the Texas Department of
Agriculture under the seed law. These rates should be more accurately determined
by the mature size of the plants and the effect you desire. The Soil
Conservation Service recommends planting twenty seeds per square foot. For
highway plantings, seeding is recommended in pounds per acre with the rate
dependent on the type of seed used.
Soil preparation is not necessary since most wildflower seeds can be
broadcast over undisturbed soil, although some delay in germination may result.
However, seed to soil contact is essential. When sowing wildflower seed in turf
areas make sure to scalp the grass as low as possible with a mower. Next, sow
the seed. After sowing, drag the sowed area with a weighted section of chain
link fence or other rough flat object to better obtain soil-seed contact. Water
the area thoroughly but gently. Follow the first watering with additional short
waterings every three days for about three weeks. Some seeds will germinate
10-20 days after planting, others will germinate in early spring.
A method of application should be determined by the size of the area. Small
areas can be sown by hand or a mechanical hand device. Large areas require a
seed drill or other mechanical means that can be calibrated for the seeding
rate.
Another key factor to successful planting is to understand the
characteristics under which each species thrives. By and large, most Texas
wildflowers should be planted in late summer or early fall, especially
bluebonnets.
Location is also important. Plant sun-loving plants in areas that receive
adequate sun. Shade-loving plants, which will survive in full sunlight under
special conditions, will thrive best in shady areas.
Most wildflowers have a wide tolerance of soil and pH (acid/alkaline)
conditions. Bluebonnets (Lupinus texensis) prefer a well drained, calcareous,
alkaline soil such as that of Central Texas and the Hill Country.
All wildflower seeds need moisture for germination and growth, but it is
important to provide proper drainage, which will vary with the species.
A low nitrogen fertilizer can be used at the time of planting if the soil
lacks nutrients. However, fertilizing after plants are established will result
in larger amounts of foliage at the expense of blooms.
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